For vacuum brazing, a total of six vacuum furnaces of differing useful volumes are available at the Wettenberg and Jena locations. MOV furnaces are high-vacuum furnaces that are fully enclosed with metal cladding and equipped with heating elements made of molybdenum or tungsten. High end vacuum—free of hydrocarbons—is a characteristic of these furnaces. This makes them ideal for heat treating highly sensitive materials such as refractory metals. They are typically used for brazing titanium, zirconium, niobium, and ceramic materials.